激励对往复式骨架油封密封性能的影响

为改善往复式骨架油封的泄漏问题,建立油封唇口密封区流体润滑的数值计算模型,模型考虑密封面粗糙形貌以及油封唇口的径向变形,通过求解雷诺方程分析密封区的流体力学特性,获得密封区的油膜厚度和压力分布,并分析激振频率和振幅对密封性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着激振频率的增加,内外行程中密封区的最小膜厚呈先增加后减小的变化趋势,激振频率越大,往复式骨架油封的密封性越差;内外行程中密封区的的最小膜厚随激振振幅的增加呈非线性增加,激振振幅越大,往复式骨架油封的密封性越好。综合考虑,为提高密封效果,往复式骨架油封适用于小频高幅的工作场合。     

Immersion corrosion behavior,electrochemical performance and corrosion mechanism of subsonic flame sprayed FeCoCrMoSi amorphous coating in 3.5% NaCl solution

A FeCoCrMoSi amorphous coating (AC) was fabricated on Ti6Al4V alloy (TA) by subsonic flame spraying (SFS) technique, which was used to improve its corrosion resistance. The morphology, element distribution and chemical composition of obtained coating were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X–ray Fluorescence (XRF), respectively, and its amorphous structure was confirmed by X–ray diffraction (XRD). The immersion corrosion behavior and electrochemical performance of FeCoCrMoSi AC immersed in 3.5% NaCl solution for the different days were systematically investigated, and the corrosion mechanism of amorphous structure was also discussed by the model of passive film. The results show that the FeCoCrMoSi AC exhibits the dense amorphous structure, which is beneficial to improving the anti–corrosion performance of TA. The potentiodynamic polarization curve (PPC) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) indicate that the FeCoCrMoSi AC with the lowest i_corr of 1.479 × 10^?6 A·cm^?2 immersed for 60 days has the largest capacitor loop diameter of 7.53 × 10⁵ and charge transfer resistance R_ct of 4.31 × 10⁴ Ω, showing the highest comprehensive corrosion resistance. The mechanism of corrosion resistance is contributed to the Cr–rich passive film, which is further stabilized by the addition of Mo.     

Dielectric properties of alumino-silicate ceramics synthesized by plasma sintering

The polycrystalline ceramic specimens of three different alumino-silicate solid solutions (Al_0.70Si_0.30O, Al_0.73Si_0.27O and Al_0.75Si_0.25O) consisting of different alumina and silica concentrations have been synthesized by thermal plasma sintering technique. From structural analysis carried out by X-ray diffraction, the ceramics are mostly found to consist of two different phases of mullite and sillimanite. SEM images of these ceramics reveal a high dense and less porous microstructure with homogeneous distribution of grains throughout their surface. These materials exhibit high dielectric constant value (>10³) with low dissipation factor. The AC conductivity analysis reveals that Al_0.70Si_0.30O and Al_0.75Si_0.25O ceramics possess room temperature conductivity values of the order of 10^?5, whereas Al_0.73Si_0.27O has conductivity of 10^?7 order that increases with rise in temperature. From the Nyquist plots, the grain and grain boundary conductivities are distinguished and negative temperature coefficient of resistance behavior is identified in these ceramics with small positive temperature coefficient of resistance effect.     

大型原点反共振振动筛的初步设计

针对传统大型振动筛筛箱侧帮易断裂,参振质量大,隔振效果差等问题,提出了将反共振理论用于振动筛的设计理念,建立了反共振振动筛的力学模型,并进行动力学分析,得到筛箱和下质体稳态时的响应振幅,通过绘制双质体系统的幅频特性曲线得到反共振振动筛的激振频率。利用Solidworks软件对反共振振动筛进行三维建模,完成了大型原点反共振振动筛的初步设计。结果表明:可调激振器位置的斜面设计使激振力通过上质体质心,保证了筛箱的正常工作。由圆柱形螺旋弹簧组成的弹簧座连接上、下质体及地面,保证了系统所需弹性系数;通过应用PID控制技术监控上下质体振幅,并改变激振频率来稳定上、下质体振幅,实现原点反共振振动筛振幅的稳定性控制。     

Surface modifications of activated carbon by gamma irradiation

Four commercial activated carbons with different chemical and textural characteristics were modified by gamma irradiation under five different conditions: irradiated in absence of water, in presence of ultrapure water, in ultrapure water at pH = 1.0 and 1000 mg L⁻¹ Cl⁻, in ultrapure water at pH = 7.5 and 1000 mg L⁻¹ Br⁻, and in ultrapure water at pH = 12.5 and 1000 mg L⁻¹ NO₃⁻. Changes in surface chemistry were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; pH of point of zero charge, total acidic groups and total basic groups, which were determined by assessment with HCl and NaOH; and textural changes were determined by obtaining the corresponding adsorption isotherms of N₂ and CO₂. Outcomes show that the activated carbon surface chemistry can be modified by gamma irradiation and that the changes depend on the irradiation conditions. Modifications in the sp² hybridization of the surface carbons suggest that the irradiated carbons undergo graphitization. Measurements of structural parameters indicate that the irradiation treatment does not modify the textural properties of the carbons. Finally, studies of pristine and irradiated activated carbons using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy with the Kubelka–Munk function revealed a reduction in band gap energy in the irradiated carbons associated with an increase in sp² hybridization of the carbon atoms.     

Sn_(0.95)Mg_(0.05)P_2O_7的中温电性能研究

采用固相法合成了Sn0.95Mg0.05P2O7样品,采用交流阻抗电化学方法对该样品在50~250℃下的电性能进行了研究。粉末XRD结果表明,该样品为单一立方相SnP2O7结构。气体气氛对样品电导率有着显著的影响:σ(dry O2)σ(dry H2)σ(wet O2)σ(wet H2)。在湿润H2气氛中,Sn0.95Mg0.05P2O7在200℃下,电导率达到最大值5.9×10-2S·cm-1。以该样品为燃料电池固体电解质,组装氢-空气燃料电池,在125℃时最大输出功率密度为7.9 mW·cm-2,150℃时其最大输出功率密度约为12.7 mW·cm-2,175℃其最大输出功率密度为19.1 mW·cm-2。     

不同激发功率下碳纤维的拉曼光谱研究

采用激光共聚焦拉曼技术获得聚丙烯腈基碳纤维的拉曼光谱,分析了碳纤维拉曼特征峰在不同的激发功率下的变化。通过Gaussian-Lorentz混合函数拟合得到了不同激发功率下碳纤维拉曼特征峰的拉曼位移、半高宽和R值。研究发现,随着激发功率的增大,碳纤维的拉曼特征峰向低波数方向移动。激发功率在3.8 mW以内,对碳纤维的拉曼位移和半高宽影响较小;激发功率不超过3.2 mW,R值基本保持不变。研究还发现,在较高的激发功率下,碳纤维表面发生了无定形态向结晶态的转变,石墨微晶尺寸有所增大,碳纤维局部表面结构遭到破坏。     

Fuzzy‐sliding mode control of nonlinear smart base‐isolated building under earthquake excitation

In this paper, the effectiveness of the fuzzy sliding mode control strategy on three‐dimensional benchmark building with smart base isolation under seismic excitation has been examined. One of the appropriate control theories for such this nonlinear system is the sliding mode control theory; discontinuous sliding mode theory has weakness such as chattering phenomena. In this paper, we used a combination of fuzzy logic and sliding mode theory for the deletion of this defect. The proposed control theory has been scrutinized by applying on lately developed nonlinear three‐dimensional base‐isolated benchmark building. This building because of the three‐dimensional nature, coalescing of lateral and torsional responses, continuity of responses of the superstructure, and base is modeled with three degrees of freedom on every floor. In this building eight actuators assigned only at the base level and in the two directions (x, y). In other words, 16 actuators are located underneath the structure. Furthermore, the base isolation system has been modeled by considering lateral coupled equations for a better examination of the performance of the system. The results indicate that reduction of control performance is remarkable. Also, utilizing proposed control theory can decrease the responses of building in two main directions and, particularly, in the rotational degree of freedom.     

交流干扰下不同组织X100钢在格尔木土壤模拟溶液中的腐蚀行为

目的 使用不同组织X100钢模拟焊接接头,探究在格尔木土壤模拟环境下,交流干扰对X100管线钢焊接接头腐蚀行为的影响规律。方法 采用动电位极化曲线、恒电位极化曲线、浸泡实验及表面分析技术,对X100管线钢焊接接头的腐蚀行为进行系统研究。结果 动电位极化曲线表明,随着交流电流密度的增加,不同组织X100钢腐蚀电流密度呈增加的趋势,阴极由耗氧反应控制转变为由析氢反应主导。在交流干扰下,腐蚀速率V退火>V热轧>V正火,恒电位极化测试中,退火组织受到交流干扰的影响更为明显。不同组织X100钢腐蚀形态以局部腐蚀为主,且有不同程度的点蚀发生。退火组织的腐蚀坑数量多,尺寸大而深,点蚀多分布在珠光体与铁素体的晶界处,少数分布在珠光体内部;正火组织点蚀数量最少,尺寸最小;热轧组织中粒状贝氏体较多且呈弥散分布,有较多的小点蚀分布在粒状贝氏体聚集的区域。结论 不同组织X100管线钢因微观结构不同而导致其耐蚀性有所差异。交流干扰下,由于珠光体与铁素体组织形成的微电偶腐蚀较为严重,从而导致退火组织的耐腐蚀性最差;正火组织中M/A岛呈针状分布,粒状贝氏体相对较少,耐腐蚀性最好;热轧组织的耐蚀性居于退火组织与正火组织两者之间。